Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of different extracts of Tragopogon dubius and Tragopogon porrifolium L. subsp. longirostris: Determination of their phytochemical contents by UHPLC-Orbitrap®-HRMS analysis

In this study, dichloromethane (DCM), n-hexane, ethanol, methanol, and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) were used to extract Tragopogon porrifolium L. subsp. longirostris (Sch. Bip.) Greuter and Tragopogon dubius L. Antioxidant properties (Cu2+ and Fe3+reduction capacity, DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging) and antimicrobial activities of these extracts were determined. Also, metabolite profiles were determined using UHPLCOrbitrap (R)-HRMS. NADES extracts of both species (MIC: 0.18-0.71 mg/ml) showed significantly better antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus compared to other solvents (MIC: 25 mg/mL). The study showed that T. dubius methanol and NADES extracts had better inhibitory effects on DPPH (EC50:45.17 mu g/mL, EC50:108.73 mu g/mL) and ABTS (EC50:59.54 mu g/mL, EC50:95.98 mu g/mL) radical scavenging activities than other extracts. Similarly, T. porrifolium methanol and NADES extracts had better inhibitory effects on DPPH (EC50:48.33 mu g/mL, EC50:38.72 mu g/mL) and ABTS (EC50:77 mu g/mL, EC50:58.93 mu g/mL) radical scavenging activities than other extracts. Furthermore, Fe3+ and Cu2+ reducing capacities were highest in methanol and NADES extracts of both plants. UHPLC-Orbitrap (R)-HRMS was used to profile the chemical composition, validating 71 phytochemicals, with the R2 value ranging from 0.9903 to 0.9993. The method's LOD values ranged from 0.45 to 2.94, and LOQ values ranged from 1.50 to 9.78. Recovery percentages at 10, 60, and 100 ng/mL concentrations ranged from 71.73116.91%, 85.36-115.38%, and 97.08-109.65%, respectively. The analysis identified 29 phytochemicals, with major compounds including chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, apigenin 7-glucuronide, vitexin, schaftoside, orientin + isoorientin, luteoloside, and isoquercitrin. The significant biological impacts of these plants as a compelling reservoir of phytochemicals with therapeutic properties.

Dergi

FOOD BIOSCIENCE

Yıl

2025

Cilt

63

ISSN

2212-4292

eISSN

2212-4306

DOI

10.1016/j.fbio.2024.105604

WoS UID

WOS:001386459200001