Salvia fruticosa ve Thymus vulgaris'in fitokimya, antioksidan, antimikrobiyal ve enzim inhibisyon özellikleri: karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma

Lamiaceae familyasının iki güçlü üyesinin karşılaştırılması

antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, enzim inhibisyon özellikleri ve fitokimyasal

içerik açısından yapıldı. Bu amaçla bitkilerin toprak üstü kısmından etanol ve

su ekstraktları hazırlanmış ve ticari olarak temin edilebilen antioksidanlarla

karşılaştırmak amacıyla dört farklı antioksidan yöntem uygulanmıştır. Diyabet

için α-amilaza, Alzheimer için asetilkolinesteraza (AChE) ve glokom

hastalıkları için insan karbonik anhidrazına (hCA II) karşı enzim inhibisyon özellikleri

araştırıldı <w:sdt docpart="02ADDF65D4E843E49546E5548F07D5F2" sdttag="MENDELEY_CITATION_v3_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" id="1366638218">[1]</w:sdt>. Pan-dirençli suşların büyüme inhibisyonu

test edildi ve her birinin üzerindeki ekstraktların inhibisyon bölgesi

değerlendirildi <w:sdt docpart="BFAA3E87462F4D35B4CACFA30ABD4830" sdttag="MENDELEY_CITATION_v3_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" id="1991285507">[2]</w:sdt>. Ekstraktların fitokimyasal içerikleri

LC-MS/MS <!--[if !supportAnnotations]-->[A1]<!--[endif]--> yoluyla ortaya

çıkarıldı <w:sdt docpart="06DBDFD77EE94C0987491DFF0237F00D" sdttag="MENDELEY_CITATION_v3_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" id="833805116">[3]</w:sdt>. Toplam flavonoid ve fenolik analizler

yapıldı. Salvia fruticosa ve Thymus vulgaris türlerinin su ve etanol

ekstraktlarındaki fenolik içerik, sırasıyla 72,6 ila 181,0 µg GAE/g ve 95,8 ila

107,0 µg GAE/g aralığındaydı. Su ve etanol ekstreleri için her iki türün

flavonoid içeriği sırasıyla 67,8 ila 115,3 µg QE/g ve 86,9 ila 101,1 µg QE/g

aralığında bulundu. Sonuçlar Salvia

fruticosa ve Thymus vulgaris'in

benzer Meta<!--[if !supportAnnotations]-->[A2]<!--[endif]--> l indirgeme

kapasitelerine ve radikal giderme özelliklerine sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Salvia ve Thymus türlerinin bazı ekstraktları BChE, hCA II ve AChE

enzimlerinin aktivitesini mevcut tıbbi ilaçlarda olduğu gibi sırasıyla 10,60

µg/mL, 14,51 µg/mL, 16,51 µg/mL gibi önemli IC50 değerleri ile

inhibe etmiştir. Gram-pozitif Staphylococcus

aureus ve Enterococcus faecalis

üzerindeki Salvia ekstraktları konsantrasyona bağlı büyüme inhibisyonu

sağlarken Gram-negatif Escherichia coli

üzerinde herhangi bir inhibisyon belirlenmemiştir.<o:p></o:p>

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<!--[if !supportAnnotations]-->[A2]<!--[endif]-->Metal indirgeme<o:p></o:p>

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