Antioxidant property investigation of a novel plant species discovered from Türkiye: Rheum telianum

Rhubarb, formally known as Rheum spp,

is a genus of plant Polygonaceae and is well-known

for its rich antioxidant source<w:sdt docpart="8FD54E93DB9648E8A6C937C55E56BCA2" sdttag="MENDELEY_CITATION_v3_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" id="-724988341"> [1]</w:sdt>. The present study, reveals in vitro

antioxidant properties and the phytochemical content of a novel Rheum

species (Rheum telianum) isolated from Southeastern Anatolia. To perform

the study, dried leaves and seeds of the plants were ground and extracted with

ethanol to obtain plant secondary metabolites. Then, dried extracts were

subjected to in vitro 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging

and Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), Fe3+, and the

ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)-reducing assays and all results were

compared with the commercially available synthetic and natural antioxidants<w:sdt docpart="8FD54E93DB9648E8A6C937C55E56BCA2" 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" id="-1679965089">[2-4]</w:sdt>. In addition to the antioxidant capacity

assays, quantitative phenolic, flavonoid, and secondary metabolite

determination were performed through both colorimetric and LC-MS/MS chromatographic

methods<w:sdt docpart="8FD54E93DB9648E8A6C937C55E56BCA2" sdttag="MENDELEY_CITATION_v3_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" id="826932174">[2-5]</w:sdt>. Results showed that both leaves and the seeds of

the R. telianum have high inhibitory properties over DPPH

radicals with 20.79 µg/mL, r2=0.9884 and 5.67 µg/mL, r2=0.9969

IC50 values, respectively. Similarly, metal-reducing capacities for

the extracts were determined as high as standard antioxidants in the CUPRAC, Fe+3,

and FRAP assays. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the leaves and the

seeds was determined as directly proportional to the extracts’ antioxidant

properties. The samples' dominant secondary metabolites were evaluated from the

results obtained from the LC-MS/MS analysis. In conclusion, the structure and

functional relationship of the extracts and the possible usage of the plants in

the food, medicine, and cosmetic industries were made.<o:p></o:p>