FUNKTSIONALNYYE OSOBENNOSTI YAZYKOVYKH EKSPRESSIVNYKHSREDSTV V RUSSKOM YAZYKE

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of linguistic expressive means in the Russian

language. The expressiveness of language elements is determined using three concepts: emotion, intensity, and evaluation. In our

opinion, most often the means of expressiveness are phonetic, lexical, morphological and syntactic units of the language, author's

neologisms, the introduction of colloquial or slang vocabulary, stylistic figures, etc. As a result of the linguistic analysis of literary

works, among the most effective in the category of expressiveness of speech, we distinguish rhetorical questions and neologisms as

bright examples of emotionality, evaluativeness, intensity, and imagery.

Examples of rhetorical questions and neologisms from the point of view of emotionality, intensity, and evaluativeness are

considered. It is concluded that the rhetorical question in this context gives the shades of affirmation or negation, positivity or

negativity of the phrase. Thus, rhetorical questions activate the attention and attract the interest of listeners, and provide ample

opportunities for creating expression. One of the most important distinguishing features of neologisms is the conditions of their

occurrence: the time factor, the need of society; the presence of a creator, a certain context, a language model. Using the example

of V. Mayakovsky's work, we note that expressive units, in particular, neologisms, bring written and oral speech closer together, are

widely used and reflect the main trends in the development of the modern Russian language.

It is noted that in recent decades, the Turkish language has also become more active in the emergence of new words

that are actively used in the colloquial sphere, which is reflected in the literature; examples of them are given.

Keywords: expression, expressiveness, expressive means, rhetorical question, neologisms.