Cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles obtained from Eruca vesicaria on rainbow trout gonad cell line-2 (RTG-2)

The rising application of silver (Ag) nanoparticles in many sectors such

as food, medicine, and agriculture lead to toxic effects on the

ecological environment. Thus, studies on biological synthesis methods

are carried out in order to diminish the toxicity caused by Ag

nanoparticle synthesis methods. However, studies on the toxicity of

biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles on fish cell lines are very few. The

purpose of this research was to perform the biological synthesis of Ag

nanoparticles via Eruca vesicaria plant extract and to examine their

toxicity in rainbow trout gonad cell line-2 (RTG 2). The

characterization of Ag nanoparticles obtained from E. vesicaria was done

by UV-vis, TEM, and XRD. The toxicity of Ag nanoparticles (100 µg/mL-

6,25 µg/mL) in the RTG-2 cell for 24 hours was determined by

sulforhodamine B assay. Ag nanoparticles obtained in the form of a

sphere, triangle, cube, and sizes of 5-20 nm showed significant a toxic

effect on RTG-2 fish cells depending on the dose at p≤0,001 levels. This

study is important in terms of proving that Ag nanoparticles obtained

by biological synthesis have a toxic effect on fish cell lines and

showing that there is a need for studies to reduce the release of Ag

nanoparticles to the environment rather than synthesis methods.