Chemical Composition of Heracleum pastinacifolium subsp. incanum Essential Oil from Eastern Anatolia Region

Since ancient times, people have used medicinal plants in various fields, such as nutrition,

treatment and industrial purposes. Medicinal plants are composed of different kinds of bioactive

compounds and secondary metabolites. These compounds and metabolites are frequently used

in the pharmaceutical and industrial. Considering the endemic plant diversity of our country, it

has an unlimited variety of plant flora that we can use as drug-active ingredients. Heracleum

pastinacifolium, a perennial herbaceous structure belonging to the Apiaceae family and

popularly known as “Baldırgan”. Heracleum pastinacifolium is widely used in the food

industry and traditional medicine as a spice and flavouring. The essential oil composition can

vary significantly according to different ecological conditions. In our study, we report the

essential oil yield and components obtained from the aerial parts of H. pastinacifolium during

the flowering period in 2022 in Erzurum province. H. pastinacifolium essential oil was obtained

by clevenger distillation apparatus, and their chemical composition was determined by GC-MS

analysis. Forty-one components representing 94.08% of the oil were detected in the essential

oil of Heracleum pastinacifolium. The major components were β-caryophyllene (10.37%), (Z)-

p-menth-2-en-1-ol (7.52%), Elemicin (5.82%), (E)-Isocroweacin N (5.62%), α-Terpinyl acetate

(4.53%), Limonene (4.49%) respectively.