Protective Effects of Tea Leaf Extract (Camellia sinensis) Against Cypermethrin-Induced Toxicity in Gill and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Here, we aimed to determine the protective effects of tea leaf extract (TLE) (Camellia sinensis) against cypermethrin (CMN)-induced toxicity in gill and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). CMN exposure led to increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH), total immunoglobulin (T. Ig), and white blood cell (WBC) levels. Moreover, CMN exposure led to degeneration, steatosis, and necrosis in liver hepatocytes as well as hyperemia and inflammation in the liver and caused degeneration, desquamation, necrosis and adhesion in the gill epithelium. Additionally, expression levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Caspase 3 were severe in the liver and gill tissues. However, both 50 and 100 mg doses of TLE had protective effects against CMN-induced toxicity in all the above parameters. As a result, we have shown that 100 mg of tea leaf extract is more effective in preventing harmful effects on blood biochemistry (AST and ALT), oxidative stress, immunity, apoptosis, histopathology and DNA damage caused by CMN.