Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus, Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 and Bovine Herpesvirus Type 4 infections in cattle in Agri Province, Eastern Anatolia Region, Turkey

This research was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (BoHV-1), and Bovine Herpes Virus 4 (BoHV-4) in cattle (n = 188) in Agri province of Eastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. The presence of BVDV, BoHV-1, and BoHV-4 antibodies in sera samples were determined by an ELISA test kit. It was determined that the highest seropositivity for BoHV-1 in Tutak disrict (9.9%), in <= 3 years age groups (3.39%), and in Simmental cattle (14.28%); for BoHV-4 in Dogubeyazit disrict (4.16%), %), in <= 3 years age groups (1.70%), and in Simmental cross breed cattle (4.54%); for BVDV in Diyadin disrict (8.33%), in <= 3 years age groups (3.39%), and in Eastern Anatolian Red cattle (11.11%); for BoHV-1 + BoHV-4 in Hamur disrict (14.28%), in <= 3 years age groups (10.17%), and in Simmental cattle (14.28%); for BoHV-1 + BVDV in Tutak disrict (30.30%), in 6 > years age groups (18.46%), and in Holstein cross-breed cattle (25%); for BoHV-4 + BVDV in Patnos disrict (12.5%), in <= 3 years age groups (5.08%), and in Holstein cross-breed cattle (25%); for BoHV-1 + BoHV-4 + BVDV in Agri center (83.87%), in >3-6 <= years age groups (71.78%), and in Anatolian Black cross-breed cattle (100%) were found in the studied population. Rhinotracheitis and conjunctivitis were determined as the most common clinical signs in seropositive animals. In conclusion, the data obtained in this study showed that exposure to BoHV-1, BVDV and BoHV-4 agents were common among cattle in Agri province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Additionally, the highest positivity was determined in BoHV-1 + BoHV-4 + BVDV.