Virtual insights into the quercetin- Melampsora lini-derived effector AvrM14 interaction: An In silico exploration of plant defense mechanisms

The co-evolutionary struggle between plants and pathogens shapes vital defense mechanisms crucial for survival. AvrM14 selectively removes the 5 ' cap from mRNA, disrupting key aspects of plant mRNA regulation, enhancing the flax rust fungus's infection capabilities. In contrast, quercetin, a plant flavonoid, serves as an antioxidant, stress reliever, and immune protector. This in silico study explores quercetin's inhibition of AvrM14, revealing high-affinity binding to the Nidux domain through molecular docking. Confirming stability in dynamic simulations, this pioneering research establishes quercetin as a functional AvrM14 inhibitor, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent against Melampsora lini's harmful impact on plant health.