Pulmonary artery atresia

Introduction and Purpose: Congenital absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare condition with an

estimated prevalence of 1 in 200,000. Pulmonary artery atresia is often seen in conjunction with

other cardiovascular abnormalities. Isolated right pulmonary artery atresia is more common than

left pulmonary artery atresia. Cardiovascular anomalies are more common in left pulmonary

artery atresia. Isolated pulmonary artery atresia without cardiovascular anomalies show few or

no symptoms and survive to adulthood.

Materials and Methods: A 40-year-old male patient applied to the emergency service with the

complaint of coughing up blood for 2 days. After coughing, blood comes in the form of clots.

The total amount of blood did not exceed one tablespoon. He had no known illness or drug use.

There is active smoking. The patient's admission vitals were as follows: 97%, pulse rate: 96,

blood pressure: 140/70 mm/hg, respiratory rate: 16/min. In his examination, the oropharynx was

normal, respiratory sounds were normal, and no additional sound was heard. The patient's tests

for hemoptysis were unremarkable. There was right pulmonary artery atresia in the thorax

computed tomography (CT) angiography, and there were areas of ground glass density in the

upper lobe of the right lung. The patient was evaluated by the pulmonary diseases clinic due to

hemoptysis, pneumonia, and pulmonary artery atresia. Emergency situations were explained and

antibiotic therapy was started and he was discharged.

Results and Conclusion: Isolated pulmonary artery atresia is often asymptomatic until

adulthood. In adult patients, it may occur in patients with symptoms such as recurrent respiratory

tract infection, exertional dyspnea, and hemoptysis, during diagnostic imaging or incidentally as

an abnormal chest radiography finding.

Keywords: atresia, hemoptysis, pneumonia, pulmonary artery