Association of Vitamin D and Magnesium Deficiencies with Clinical Outcomes in Sepsis

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association of vitamin D and magnesium levels with the severity of sepsis and septic shock in ICU patients.<br style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Poppins; font-size: 14px;">Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the ICU of a tertiary hospital, involving 299 sepsis patients admitted between January 2017 and January 2019. Patients' demographic data, vitamin D and magnesium levels, labarotory parameters, and clinical scores (APACHE II, SOFA, SAPS II) were collected at admission and discharge. Statistical analyses, including chi-square and correlation analysis, were performed to evaluate the association between these micronutrients and mortality.<br style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Poppins; font-size: 14px;">Results: The results showed that while hypomagnesemia was associated with higher clinical severity scores, including APACHE II and SOFA (p<0.05), neither vitamin D nor magnesium levels were independently predictive of mortality. Magnesium deficiency correlated with worse clinical outcomes,(p<0.05) but its association with mortality remained inconclusive (p>0.05). Similarly, low vitamin D levels, though prevalent, did not significantly influence survival (p>0.05).<br style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Poppins; font-size: 14px;">Conclusion: Vitamin D and magnesium levels were not independently associated with mortality in sepsis patients. However, magnesium deficiency was linked to higher severity scores, indicating its potential role in disease progression. Further research is needed to explore the therapeutic implications of correcting these deficiencies in critically ill patients.