Advanced LC‒MS/MS method for the precise detection of dinocap phenol isomers in 23 plant-derived foods for ensuring food safety and sustainability

A rapid, sensitive, and reliable method was developed for the determination of six dinocap phenol isomers in 23 plant-derived foods via a modified QuEChERS approach coupled with liquid chromatography‒tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS‒MS/MS). Chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions were optimized, and the separation performance of eight chromatographic columns was systematically evaluated to achieve effective isolation of the six dinocap phenol isomers. The method was validated on the basis of maximum residue limits (MRLs) across 23 matrices, with spiked levels ranging from 0.003 to 0.3 mg/kg. The average recoveries were between 60% and 112%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) less than 21%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 0.003 to 0.015 mg/kg. This method successfully addressed challenges in the detection of dinocap phenols by enabling clear and precise separation of individual isomers while mitigating matrix effects through matrix-matched calibration.This study contributes to global efforts to increase food safety, support sustainable agricultural practices, and promote public health through improved methods for detecting and managing pesticide residues.