Bioactive components, sun protective properties, and total phenolic contents of halobacterial extracts

Halophilic bacteria are microorganism groups with key industrial potential due to their primary and secondary metabolites. In this study, three halophilic bacteria were identified biochemically and phylogenetically, and visualized with advanced imaging systems such as scanning electron and atomic force microscopes. The data obtained identified the following species strains, Salinicoccus roseus strain EMK96, Salinicoccus amylolyticus strain RB5, and Salicola marasensis strain OSK. The industrial potential of halophilic bacteria were identified by investigating the catalase, oxidase, gelatinase, amylase, caseinase, and esterase enzyme activities, and pigments. The sun protection factors, total polyphenol content, and bioactive volatile components were also identified. SPF values and total phenolic content of the extracts obtained from different strains showed significant differences (P < 0.05). The highest SPF and total phenolic content were detected in the second extract of S. roseus (P < 0.05). In addition, bacterioruberin, commonly known as archaeal carotenoid, was also detected in the bacterial strain S. roseus. As a result of qualitative volatile component analysis of bacterial extracts, a total of 108 components were identified from different extracts. This is the first study to determine the sun protection factor, total polyphenol content, and volatile chemical components of these three halophilic bacterial extracts.