The role of the EHC system in the transition to a sustainable energy future: A review

The hydrogen economy is seen as the key point for the transition to a sustainable energy future. Since hydrogen has a very low volumetric energy density, in order to be used as an energy carrier, it must be compressed and transported. Various methods used in the compression of hydrogen have been mentioned in the literature. Among these proposed methods, the electrochemical hydrogen compressor system (EHC), which has the ability to pressurize hydrogen as well as purify it, stands out as a promising technology due to its economic and environmental friendly nature. In this article, focusing on this prominent technology, first of all, the characteristics of the basic methods used in the purification and compression of hydrogen are reviewed. The EHC system, on the other hand, was handled comprehensively, the components of the system, the design, the working principle, and the parameters affecting its performance were analyzed, the research made in this field was presented and the missing aspects of the system were mentioned. Finally, the commercial applications of the existing EHC system were also included, current developments were evaluated, and the necessity of the system for the hydrogen value chain was outlined.