Neural Networks - The Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural Networks Integration in the Optimization: An Application for Transportation Systems

The transportation sector stands as one of the broadest and most significant industries worldwide. Today, one of the key environmental consequences of the transportation sector is the increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This research focuses on CO2 emissions specifically from road transportation. The primary objectives of the study are to investigate how yearly fluctuations on highways impact CO2 emissions. The study utilizes genetic algorithm-based artificial neural networks (GA-ANN) to design a transportation optimization model. Artificial neural networks are employed to estimate the proportion of CO2 emissions from roadways in the total transportation-related CO2 emissions. The article proposes an optimization method using genetic algorithms (GA) to optimize the parameters of the artificial neural networks. The development of the ANN model was carried out in the MATLAB program. The constructed GA-ANN model was compared to a variety of other machine learning (ML) models linear regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN).