Non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor based on CeO2–MoO3 decorated laser-induced graphene

Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of porous laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes decorated with both CeO2 and MoO3 nanostructures via sequential electrochemical deposition. It exhibited a linear glucose response between 0.1 and 1.8 mM, with a sensitivity of 2957.5 μA mM−1 and LOD of 1.52 μM; the sensor showed negligible interference from dopamine, uric acid, ascorbic acid, and various inorganic ions, whereas reproducibility was found to be in the range from 91.5% to 102.8%. These results highlight the potential of the CeO2–MoO3/LIG platform as a flexible and efficient electrode architecture for enzyme-free glucose sensing applications.