Effects of Maxillofacial Disorders on Pharyngeal Structures and Orthodontic Treatment Modalities

The human body constitutes a functional entity, no part of which can be varied without entailing some changes in other parts. Similarly, the facial skeleton and the dentition are functional parts of the skull as a whole. The stomatognathic system consists of mouth, upper and lower jaws, teeth, upper respiratory tract, pharynx, and the other structures related with mastication, deglutition, respiration, speech, and the functions in a functional entity according to functional matrix theory. Developmental disorders in any organ of this system and/or functional aberrations will also affect the other components.