Dental and skeletal occlusion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate dental and skeletal occlusion patterns in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and to compare these patients to a healthy control group.Material and Method: Ninety-five patients with adolescent IS and 102 control subjects were examined. For each patient, Angle classes of malocclusion, lower midline deviations, posterior crossbite, and increased overbite and overjet examinations were conducted. In addition, the results in the scoliosis group were compared in terms of variables such as Cobb angle, scoliosis site, and trunk shift.Results: The distribution of the Angle classes of malocclusion was significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001). In addition, other significant evidence of asymmetrical malocclusion was found, including lower midline deviations (p=0.02) and posterior crossbite (p<0.001). In the experimental group, no association was found between the site and severity of scoliosis and the appearance or site of the malocclusion features examined.Conclusion: While the presence of Class III malocclusion was significantly higher in the scoliosis group than in the control group, the presence of Class II malocclusion was similarly observed, contrary to the literature. In this sense, additional studies with case and control groups are needed.