Synthesis of novel 5-arylidene rhodanine derivative molecules for the potentiometric detection of Nd<SUP>3+</SUP> ions

In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and use of two new 5-arylidene rhodanine derivative molecules (1 and 2) as ionophores in potentiometric sensors were investigated. For this purpose, the newly synthesized rhodanine derivative molecules were characterized by various spectroscopic methods (H-1-, C-13-NMR, FT-IR, and Q-TOF), and then all solid state PVC membrane potentiometric sensors were prepared using these novel molecules. Sensors having the synthesized new rhodanine derivative molecules as ionophores exhibited high selectivity towards Nd3+ ions. With the same sensor components and ratios, sensors prepared with (E)-4-((4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl 4-methoxybenzenesulfonate (1) exhibited better potentiometric behavior than sensors prepared with (E)-3-((4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl 4-bromobenzenesulfonate (2). The PVC membrane Nd3+-selective sensor prepared with molecule 1 had a linear working range of 1.0 x 10(- 1)-1.0 x 10(- 5) M (R-2: 0.9992), Nernstian behavior (19.0 +/- 1.0 mV/decade), and a low detection limit (8.04 x 10(- 6) M). Besides, the newly developed Nd3+-selective sensor had a fast response time (similar to 6 s) and a wide pH working range (4.0-10.0). The surface morphologies of the prepared sensors were also examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The simple, economical, and easily prepared sensors were able to determine Nd3+ ions in various water samples with very high recoveries (> 95.5%).

Journal

IONICS

Year

2026

ISSN

0947-7047

eISSN

1862-0760

DOI

10.1007/s11581-025-06929-3

WoS UID

WOS:001683282100001