Therapeutic effects of diosgenin on alveolar bone loss and apoptosis in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis

Objective(s): The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of administered diosgenin (DG) which has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and apoptosis in diabetic rats with periodontitis.Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats (n=40) were divided into five subgroups; control (non-ligated), periodontitis (P), diabetes mellitus (DM), P+DM, and P+DM+DG. To stimulate experimental periodontitis, a ligature was embedded at the gingival margin of the lower first molars for each rat, and diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) for DM groups. Then, DG (96 mg/ kg daily) was performed on the P+DM+DG group by oral gavage for 29 days. At day 30, all animals were euthanized and the distance from the cement-enamel junction to the alveolar bone margin was measured using cone-beam computed tomography as ABL. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses were used to evaluate the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), receptor activator of NF-KB ligand (RANKL), collagen type I (Col-1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax).Results: Induction of periodontitis and diabetes significantly increased ABL (P<0.05). DG administration significantly reduced ABL, expression of RANKL and Bax, and enhanced the expression of ALP, OCN, BMP-2, Bcl-2, and Col-1 in the P+DM+DG group compared with the P+DM group (P<0.05).Conclusion: It is revealed that DG considerably enhanced bone formation and contributed to periodontal healing in this experimental study performed in diabetic rats.

Journal

IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES

Year

2023

Volume

26

Issue

7

Pages

785-790

ISSN

2008-3866

eISSN

2008-3874

DOI

10.22038/IJBMS.2023.68801.14995

WoS UID

WOS:001006955900008