Oxidative stress and cyto-genotoxicity induced by poly-d-glucosamine in human blood cells <i>in vitro</i>

Poly-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (CH; chitin) is the main component of the insect skeleton, fungal cell wall, and many crustaceans, including crab and shrimp. CH is the most abundant in nature after cellulose, and it has a complex and hardly soluble structure. Poly-d-glucosamine (CHO; chitosan) is a soluble derivative of CH produced by deacetylation used in many fields, including human health. This study carried out the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative effects of CHO on human whole blood (hWB) and lymphocytes (LYMs) in dose ranges 6.25-2000 mu g/mL, in vitro. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) analyzes were performed on plasma to appreciate oxidative stress. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were applied to understand the cytotoxicity. Chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) methods were practiced to evaluate genotoxicity. 6.25-150 mu g/mL doses increased TAC and decreased TOS. A decreasing and increasing curve from 200 to 2000 mu g/mL on TAC and TOS values were determined, respectively. 0-250 mu g/mL doses did not provide any cytotoxic data. However, 500-2000 mu g/mL doses showed increasing cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The study results showed that CHO does not pose a toxic risk to human health at low doses but may pose a threat at high doses.

Journal

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION C-A JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES

Year

2022

Volume

77

Issue

1-2

Pages

43-55

ISSN

0939-5075

eISSN

1865-7125

DOI

10.1515/znc-2021-0080

WoS UID

WOS:000744122400005