Investigation of the Effect of Gingerol on α-Glycosidase Cholinesterases and Monoamine Oxidase Enzymes: Antioxidant Activity and In Silico Study

This study examined the effects of gingerol, an active ingredient in ginger, on monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A and B, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and alpha-glycosidase enzymes as in vitro. The IC50 values were calculated for MAO-A, MAO-B, AChE, BChE, and alpha-glycosidase enzymes as 13.05 mu M, 16.6 mu M, 2.14 nM, 3.37 nM, and 27.28 nM, respectively. Additionally, K-i values were determined to be 0.67 +/- 0.012 nM for AChE, 0.86 +/- 0.033 nM for BChE, and 14.36 +/- 3.41 nM for alpha-glycosidase. To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging capacities of gingerol, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+-TPTZ reductions, DPPH center dot<middle dot>and ABTS(center dot+) scavenging activities were examined. The absorbance of antioxidant activity of gingerol was found as 1.084 +/- 0.057 for the Fe3+ reducing ability, 0.343 +/- 0.036 for Cu2+ reducing ability, and 1.26 +/- 0.020 for FRAP reducing assay at 30 mu g/mL. As for radical scavenging results, IC50 values were determined to be 17.33 mu g/mL for the DPPH center dot scavenging and 5.93 mu g/mL for the ABTS(center dot+) scavenging assay. From these results, it was determined that gingerol exhibited significant antioxidant properties when compared to the standard antioxidants. Molecular docking simulations and ADME studies have provided insights into the interactions between gingerol and target enzymes, guiding the design of novel therapeutic agents for critical diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes.

Dergi

CHEMISTRYSELECT

Yıl

2025

Cilt

10

Sayı

9

ISSN

2365-6549

DOI

10.1002/slct.202404467

WoS UID

WOS:001432868400001